Possible Complications
Problems are rare, but all procedures have some risk. The doctor will go over some problems that could happen, such as:
- Excess bleeding
- Problems from anesthesia, such as wheezing or sore throat
- Irritation of the airways or vocal cords
- Damage to the airways or lungs
- Irregular heart rate
- Infection
- Hypoxemia—damage to tissue from low oxygen
- Heart attack
Things that may raise the risk of problems are:
- Smoking
- Drinking alcohol
- Long term health issues such as diabetes or obesity
Reasons for Procedure
The procedure is done to:
-
Check for problems in the airways and lungs such as:
- Cancer
- Other disease
- Infection
- Blockages or a buildup of mucus
- Take samples of mucus, fluid, or tissue for testing
- Check for objects or fluids that were inhaled (aspirated)
Bronchoscopy may also be done to:
- Remove things from the lungs that should not be there
- Open a narrow airway
- Control bleeding
- Drain a lung abscess (pocket of pus) or remove tissue that is not healthy
- Remove or treat tumors
- Place stents to help keep the airways open
What to Expect
Prior to Procedure
The care team may meet with you to talk about:
- Anesthesia options
- Any allergies you may have
- Current medicines, herbs, and supplements that you take and whether you need to stop taking them before the procedure
- Fasting before the procedure, such as avoiding food or drink after midnight the night before
- Whether you need a ride to and from the procedure
Anesthesia
The doctor may give:
- A sedative—you will feel relaxed
- Local anesthesia—the throat will be numbed
General anesthesia may be
used for a rigid bronchoscopy. You will be asleep.
Description of the Procedure
The bronchoscope will be put into the nose or mouth. It will be passed down the throat and into the lungs.
Images will be seen on a nearby monitor. The scope may be used
to remove a small tissue sample for biopsy. Things that should not be in the lung,
like inhaled food, will also be removed. Sometimes a solution is used to wash an
area. This is called a lavage. It will help collect samples of fluid for testing.
How Long Will It Take?
Less than 1 hour
Will It Hurt?
Throat pain is common in the first few days. Medicine and self
care can help.
Post-procedure Care
Most can go home after a few hours. It will take the rest of the day to recover.
Problems To Look Out For
Call your doctor if you are not getting better or you have:
- Signs of infection, such as fever or chills
- Coughing with more than a teaspoon of blood
- Severe nausea or vomiting
- An increase in noisy breathing
- Pain that you cannot control with medicine
If you think you have an emergency, call for medical help right away.