Patella Fracture

Causes

The fracture may be caused by:

• A blow to the knee
• A fall onto the knee
• Forced stress on the muscle that extends the knee

Risk Factors

This problem is more common in men. Other things that may raise the risk are:

• Playing contact sports such as football and soccer
• Having health problems that weaken bones, such as osteoporosis
• Low muscle mass

Symptoms

Patella fracture may cause:

• Knee pain and swelling
• Problems moving the knee and walking

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about symptoms and health history. A physical exam will be done, paying close attention to the knee.

Images will be taken of the knee. This can be done with:

• X-ray
• CT scan
• Ultrasound

Treatment

Treatment will depend on how severe the injury is. It can take weeks to months to heal. Medicine will be needed to ease swelling and pain. Other options are:

Without Surgery

A mild fracture may be treated with a cast to keep the knee from moving as it heals. A brace, cane, or crutches may be needed after the cast comes off. Exercises will also need to be done to promote strength and movement.

Surgery

Some people may need surgery if the patella is in pieces. Surgery may use pins and screws to put the pieces back together. Some people may need part or all of the kneecap removed, but this is not common.

Exercises will need to be done after surgery to promote strength and movement.

Prevention

Most fractures happen due to accidents. Healthy bones and muscles may help prevent injury. A healthful diet and regular exercise can help build healthy bones and muscles.