Overview

Definition

Fibromyalgia is a long-lasting problem that causes a person to have muscle pain and feel weak.

Fibromyalgia Trigger Points
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Causes

The cause is not known. It may be linked to genes, certain health problems, and stress.

Risk Factors

This problem is more common in women who are middle aged. Other things that may raise the risk are:

  • Having other family members who have it
  • Infections
  • Stress
  • Trauma or injury
  • Sleep problems

SymptomsandDiagnosis

Symptoms

Fibromyalgia can cause muscle pain and weakness. Others problems are:

  • Problems sleeping
  • Feelings of hopelessness; worrying a lot
  • Being sensitive to touch
  • Problems with focus, thought, or memory
  • Stiff muscles
  • Being sensitive to noises, light, or odors

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about symptoms and past health. An exam will be done. There are no specific tests for fibromyalgia. The doctor may need to rule out other causes of pain before a diagnosis can be made.

Treatments

Treatment

The goal of treatment is to ease symptoms. It often includes a combination of steps. Things that may be helpful include:

Exercise

Exercise at least four times a week for 30 minutes each time. Strength training exercises and aerobic exercises like swimming are best.

Therapy

Therapy can help to develop coping skills. It may ease stress and pain levels. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one method that teaches how thought patterns influence pain.

Medicine

Medicines that may help include

  • Antidepressants to ease pain
  • Pain relievers
  • Anti-seizure medicine to ease pain and help with sleep problems
  • Cannabinoids to help with sleep problems

Prevention

Fibromyalgia cannot be prevented. The cause is not known.

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.

Edits to original content made by Denver Health.

a (FM; Fibromyalgia Syndrome; FMS)

RESOURCES

American College of Rheumatology http://www.rheumatology.org 

American Fibromyalgia Syndrome Association http://www.afsafund.org 

CANADIAN RESOURCES

Arthritis Society http://www.arthritis.ca 

Fibromyalgia Information and Local Support http://fibromyalgia.ncf.ca 

References

About fibromyalgia. National Fibromyalgia Association website. Available at: http://www.fmaware.org/about-fibromyalgia. Accessed October 31, 2020.

Fibromyalgia. American College of Rheumatology website. Available at: http://www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Diseases-Conditions/Fibromyalgia. Accessed October 31, 2020.

Fibromyalgia. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/fibromyalgia. Accessed October 31, 2020.

Fibromyalgia. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases website. Available at: https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/fibromyalgia. Accessed October 31, 2020.

Macfarlane GJ, Kronisch C, et al. EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Feb;76(2):318-328 full-text, commentary can be found in Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016 Oct;12(10);568.