Osteoarthritis
Overview
Causes
OA is caused by the wearing down of cartilage between bones. The damage worsens over time. For some people, the cartilage may completely wear away.
SymptomsandDiagnosis
Symptoms
OA is most common in larger joints that support weight, such as the spine, hips, and knees. It is also common in active joints like the hand and feet. Common problems are:
- Mild to severe pain in a joint, especially after overuse or long periods of rest
- Stiffness that gets better with activity
- Creaking or grating sounds in the joint
- Swelling, stiffness, and problems moving the joint, especially in the morning
Treatments
Treatment
OA cannot be cured. The goal of treatment is to:
- Ease joint pain and swelling
- Improve joint function
- Slow future damage
Treatment may change over time. Options may include:
- Lifestyle changes, such as losing weight, eating a healthful diet, and exercising regularly
- Supportive care, such as ice to ease swelling and heat to loosen stiff joints
- Physical therapy to strengthen muscles and improve range of motion
- Using supportive devices, such as crutches or canes
- Over the counter or prescription medicine to ease pain and swelling
- Medicated creams or lotions to apply over the joints
Some people may need surgery if other methods do not help. Surgery may be done to:
- Remove loose pieces of bone or cartilage from joints
- Reposition bones to balance stress on the joint
- Replace a damaged joint with an artificial one
This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.
Edits to original content made by Denver Health.
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