Groin Hernia Adult

Causes

A hernia is caused by a weakness in the muscles of the abdomen. It causes the tissues inside to press through and form a hernia.

Risk Factors

Hernias are more common in men and older adults. Other things that may raise the risk are:

• Having a family history of hernia
• Having a low body mass index (BMI)
• Wear and tear on muscles of the abdomen from:
  • Lifting heavy objects for a long time
  • Chronic coughing
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
  • Ascites—a buildup of fluid
• Prior abdominal surgery
• Peritoneal dialysis
• Medical conditions that affect muscles and blood vessels

Symptoms

Some people do not have symptoms of a hernia. Those who do may have:

• A bulge in the groin when standing or straining
• A bulge in the upper thigh
• A bulge that goes into the scrotum or the labia
• Pain, heaviness, or discomfort in the groin, especially when straining

These serious symptoms may need care right away:

• Severe pain in the groin or belly
• Fever
• Belly swelling
• Nausea and vomiting

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about symptoms and health history. A physical exam may be done. It will focus on the groin. This may be enough to make the diagnosis. If the diagnosis is not clear, images may be taken. This can be done with:

• Ultrasound
• MRI scan
• CT scan

Treatment

Treatment will depend on symptoms and the type of hernia. For inguinal hernias, the doctor may watch for any changes. Femoral hernias could cause problems and may need surgery right away. Surgery may also be done to repair a hernia that is causing symptoms.

Prevention

There are no known guidelines to lower the risk of a groin hernia. Regular exercise may help keep the abdominal muscles strong.