Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Overview
Causes
The cause is not known. It may be a mix of genes, family, and social factors.
Child's Brain |
![]() |
A chemical imbalance in the brain may be responsible for ODD. |
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc. |
Risk Factors
This problem is more common in males. Other things that may raise a child's risk are:
- Having other people in the family who have the same problems
- Having a parent with a mood disorder or learning or substance misuse problems
- Having a mother who used alcohol, smoked, or had a poor diet while pregnant
- Problems with how the family works at home
- Prior child abuse
- Lack of parent attention
SymptomsandDiagnosis
Symptoms
A child's problems start at around 8 years old. They tend to get worse as time goes on.
Children with ODD often:
- Argue with adults
- Lose their tempers
- Do not follow what an adult tells them to do
- Annoy others on purpose
- Are annoyed by others
- Are angry and bitter
- Are spiteful or want to get back at others
- Blame others for their own mistakes
- Have low self-esteem
Treatments
Treatment
The goal is to stop problem behaviors. Choices are:
- Parent training
- Individual or group counseling to help children learn to express and control anger
- Social skills training to help a child get along better with peers
- Medicines may be used with other treatments to help ease certain symptoms, such as mood swings
This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.
Edits to original content made by Denver Health.
Copyright © EBSCO Information Services
All rights reserved.