Bacterial Meningitis
Overview
Causes
The infection can be caused by many types of bacteria. The bacteria is passed from an infected person through:
- Coughing, sneezing, or kissing
- Fluid contact between a mother and child during birth
- Contact with food that is served to others
Risk Factors
Things that may raise the risk of bacterial meningitis are:
- Community living, such as a college dormitory or military base
- Close and prolonged contact with people with meningitis
- Travel to places with outbreaks of the infection
- Changes in the nasal passages and throat due to birth defects or head trauma
- Suppressed immune system caused by certain health conditions or medicines
- Prior surgery
- Having cochlear implants
SymptomsandDiagnosis
Symptoms
Meningitis can cause sudden onset of:
- High fever
- Headache
- Very stiff, sore neck
Other symptoms that may develop are:
- Red or purple skin rash
- Bluish skin color
- Nausea and vomiting
- Sensitivity to bright lights
- Tiredness
- Confusion
- Seizures
Babies may show:
- Fussiness
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes
- Problems feeding or lack of hunger
- Tightness or bulging on the top of the head
- Problems waking
Treatments
Treatment
Treatment needs to start as soon as possible. Antibiotics will be given to fight the infection. Other medicine, like steroids, can help to ease pressure and swelling. Support care may be needed until the brain has recovered.
This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.
Edits to original content made by Denver Health.
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