Vaginal Yeast Infection

Causes

This condition is caused by a fungus. The fungus is normally found in the vagina in small amounts. When too much of it grows and spreads, it causes symptoms.

Risk Factors

Things that can raise the risk are:

• Hormone changes from pregnancy or birth control pills
• A weak immune system
• Uncontrolled diabetes
• Family history of frequent yeast infections
• Certain medicines such as:
  • Broad-spectrum antibiotics
  • Corticosteroids—taken by mouth for a long time
• Using douches to rinse out the vagina

Symptoms

A vaginal yeast infection may cause:

• Mild to severe itching
• A thick, white, lumpy vaginal discharge
• Soreness, irritation, or burning
• Rash or redness on the skin outside the vagina
• Painful urination
• Painful sex

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about symptoms and past health. A vaginal swab will be taken to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Yeast infections are treated with medicine. It may be given as pills or creams.

Probiotics may also be helpful when used with medicine.

Prevention

To lower the risk of a yeast infection:

• Dry the vaginal area well after a shower, bath, or swim.
• Do not douche.
• Try to control blood glucose levels—for people who have diabetes.