High Cholesterol in Children

Causes

Causes of high cholesterol in children may be:

• Genetics
• Being overweight or obese
• A diet that is high in fat and cholesterol
• Low activity levels

Risk Factors

Things that may raise the risk of high cholesterol in children are:

• Obesity
• Having a family history of high cholesterol, heart disease, or stroke
• Having high blood pressure
• Having certain health problems, such as diabetes, kidney disease, and underactive thyroid
• Some medicines, such as steroids, isotretinoin (an acne medicine), beta-blockers, protease inhibitors, diuretics, and cyclosporin

Symptoms

High cholesterol in children does not usually cause any symptoms.

Diagnosis

High cholesterol in children is often found after a screening test. Screening is done by testing the lipid (fat) levels in the blood when a child is not fasting. More than one test may be done.

The doctor will also ask about the child's symptoms and past. A physical exam will be done.

Treatment

The goal of treatment is to reach and stay at a healthy cholesterol level. This will lower the risk of future health problems.

Choices are:

• Eating a healthful diet that is low in fat and cholesterol
• Reaching and staying at a healthy weight
• Getting regular physical activity

Children with very high cholesterol and those who are at risk for heart disease may be given cholesterol lowering medicine, such as statins.

Prevention

The risk of high cholesterol in children may be lowered by:

• Eating a diet that is rich in fruits, veggies, and whole grains
• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Getting regular physical activity