Pityriasis Rosea

Definition

Pityriasis rosea is a common skin rash. The rash is scaly and reddish-pink. It may first appear on the back, stomach, or chest. The rash can then spread to the neck, arms, and legs.

Causes

The cause of pityriasis rosea is unknown. It may be caused by viruses or a certain medication, such as antibiotics or heart medications.

Risk Factors

Pityriasis rosea occurs most often in children and young adults. It is more likely to occur in the spring and fall.

Symptoms

Before a rash appears, the first symptoms may be similar to the common cold. They may include:

• Fatigue
• Fever
• Headache
• Sore throat
• Joint pain
• Nausea and loss of appetite
• Irritability

When the rash appears, symptoms may include:

• A herald patch—large, oval, scaly patch that is often on the back, stomach, armpit, or chest. It is often the first lesion to appear.
• Rose-colored patches that appear after several days to 2 weeks that may have scaly edges.
  • Patches found on the back tend to form a Christmas tree pattern.
  • Patches are not typically itchy, but mild-to-severe itching may occur.
    • Itching worsens when the body overheats.
    • This may happen during physical activities or after taking a hot shower.
• Skin redness or inflammation

Diagnosis

You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. Pityriasis rosea can usually be diagnosed by looking at your rash. You may be referred to a doctor who specializes in skin disorders (dermatologist) if the rash is difficult to identify.

Testing is usually not needed, but your bodily fluids and tissues may be tested if the diagnosis is uncertain. This can be done with:

• Blood tests
• Skin scrape
• Skin biopsy

Skin Biopsy

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Treatment

There is no cure for pityriasis rosea. The rash may last for several months. It will usually go away on its own.

Treatment may be able to relieve some of the symptoms, such as itching. Treatment options include the following:

Medications

Medications to relieve itching and inflammation caused by pityriasis rosea include:

• Antihistamine pills
• Steroid creams or ointments
• Calamine, zinc oxide, or other soothing lotions
• Antiviral medication

Other Treatments

• Avoid physical activities that can raise your body temperature. This can make itching worse.
• Avoid hot baths or showers. Oatmeal baths may also soothe the itching.
• Sunlight or medical treatment with artificial ultraviolet light may speed the healing process. Be careful to avoid sunburn.

Prevention

There is no known way to prevent pityriasis rosea. It does not spread from person to person. It is not likely to recur. This rash does not leave permanent marks. However, some people with dark skin may have some skin discoloration. This will usually fade with time.