Prostatitis
Overview
Causes
Cause will depend on the type of prostatitis:
- Acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis—caused by an infection. A bacteria enters the prostate. It often comes from the nearby urinary tract or rectum.
- Chronic pelvic pain syndrome and asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis—causes are not clearly understood.
A cause may not be found in some people.
Risk Factors
Prostatitis is more common in men who use catheters. Other factors that may increase the chances of prostatitis are:
- Sex without the use of barriers like condoms
- Foreskin that does not to fully draw back from the head of the penis— phimosis
- Urethra that has narrowed
- Prostate that has increased in size
- Past urinary tract infections
SymptomsandDiagnosis
Symptoms
Symptoms depend on the type of prostatitis. Many may not have any problems. Symptoms that do occur may include:
- Need to pee often or often feel urgent need to
- Pain or burning while peeing
- Hard time passing pee
- Lower belly pain or pressure
- Pain in penis, rectum, and area in between
- Lower back pain
- Fever or chills
- Problems getting or keeping erection
Treatments
Treatment
Treatment steps will be based on type.
Infectious Prostatitis
Antibiotics pills can be used to treat infections caused by bacteria. They may be given over several days or weeks. The antibiotics may be given through an IV for infections that are hard to treat.
Symptoms may be treated with:
- Stool softeners—to ease pressure in area
- Medicine to ease swelling
- Pain medicine
- Medicine to improve urine flow
Alcohol and drinks with caffeine can make symptoms worse.
Prostatitis Not Linked to Infection
Treatment may help to ease symptoms. Options include:
- Medicine to help urine flow and bladder empty
- Medicine to ease swelling
- Pain medicine
- Warm soaks
- Prostate massages
This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.
Edits to original content made by Denver Health.
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a (Prostadynia)
RESOURCES
Men's Health Network http://www.menshealthnetwork.org
Urology Care Foundation http://urologyhealth.org
CANADIAN RESOURCES
Canadian Urological Association http://www.cua.org
Men's Health Centre http://www.menshealthcentre.net
References
Acute bacterial prostatitis. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/acute-bacterial-prostatitis . Updated November 15, 2018. Accessed October 25, 2019.
Chronic bacterial prostatitis. EBSCO DynaMed Plus website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/chronic-bacterial-prostatitis . Updated April 18, 2018. Accessed October 25, 2019.
Prostatitis: inflammation of the prostate. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases website. Available at: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/prostate-problems/prostatitis-inflammation-prostate. Updated July 2014. Accessed October 25, 2019.
Prostatitis (prostate infection). Urology Care Foundation website. Available at: http://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/prostatitis-(infection-of-the-prostate)?article=15. Accessed October 25, 2019.
Sharp VJ, Takacs EB, Powell CR. Prostatitis: diagnosis and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2010;82(4):397-406.
5/18/2015 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance http://www.dynamed.com/topics/dmp~AN~T115325/Chronic-prostatitis-Chronic-pelvic-pain-syndrome : Zhang R, Chomistek AK, Dimitrakoff JD, et al. Physical activity and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015;7(4):757-764.